The development trend of lithium-ion battery electrolyte technology

1. High specific energy electrolyte

Pursuing high specific energy is currently the biggest research direction of lithium-ion batteries, especially when mobile devices occupy more and more proportions in people’s lives, battery life has become the most critical performance of batteries.

2. High-power electrolyte

At present, it is difficult for commercial lithium-ion batteries to achieve high-rate continuous discharge. The important reason is that the battery tabs generate serious heat, and the internal resistance causes the overall temperature of the battery to be too high, which is prone to thermal runaway. Therefore, the electrolyte should be able to prevent the battery from heating up too quickly while maintaining high conductivity. Regarding power lithium batteries, achieving fast charging is also an important direction for electrolyte development.

3. Wide temperature electrolyte

The battery is prone to the decomposition of the electrolyte itself and the intensification of the side reactions between the material and the electrolyte parts at high temperatures; at low temperatures, there may be electrolyte salt precipitation and the negative electrode SEI film impedance doubled. The so-called wide temperature electrolyte is to make the battery have a wider working environment.

4. Safety electrolyte

The safety of the battery is important in burning or even explosion. First of all, the battery itself is flammable. Therefore, when the battery is overcharged, overdischarged, short-circuited, when the external needle is punctured, squeezed, and the external temperature is too high, the battery itself is flammable. All may cause safety accidents. Therefore, flame retardant is an important direction in the research of safe electrolyte.